绿色植物

WordDefinitionTopiccapillaritythe tendency of water to move up a narrow tube - the effect of water molecules clinging to each other and clinging to the sides of the tubeGreen plants as organismschlorophyllthe green chemical inside the chloroplasts of plant cells. It enables photosynthesis to take place.Green plants as organismsevaporationthe process in which a liquid turns into a gasGreen plants as organismsflaccidlacking turgor; lacking in stiffness or strengthGreen plants as organismsguard cellsspecialised cells which control the opening and closing of stomata in a green plant's leavesGreen plants as organismsimpermeablenot allowing water to pass throughGreen plants as organismslight energyenergy in the form of light (from the sun). It is needed for photosynthesis, which changes light energy into chemical energy.Green plants as organismslignina hard cellulose-like substance which gives rigidity to plant tissuesGreen plants as organismslimiting factorSomething which prevents or slows down a process. Temperature, carbon dioxide concentration and light intensity can all be limiting factors on photosynthesis.Green plants as organismsmesophyllthe inner tissue of a leaf, whose cells are green because they contain chloroplastsGreen plants as organismsmesophyll cellsthe inner tissue of a leaf, whose cells are green because they contain chloroplastsGreen plants as organismspalisade mesophyllthe upper layer of mesophyll where photosynthesis mostly takes placeGreen plants as organismspermeableallowing water to pass throughGreen plants as organismsphloem vesselsvein-like structures through which food is transported round a plantGreen plants as organismsrespireto engage in respiration - the energy-producing process inside living cellsGreen plants as organismsroot hair cellstiny hairs covering the ends of the smallest roots. They give the root a very large surface area through which to absorb water and mineral salts from the soil.Green plants as organismsspongy mesophyllthe lower layer of mesophyll which contains numerous air spaces where gas exchange takes placeGreen plants as organismsstarcha type of carbohydrate. Plants can turn the glucose produced in photosynthesis into starch for storage, and turn it back into glucose when it is needed for respiration.Green plants as organismsstomatatiny holes in the epidermis (skin) of a leaf - usually on the undersides of leaves. They control water loss and gas exchange by openng and closing. Singular is stomaGreen plants as organismssucrosea complex sugar. Sugar cane and sugar beet store sucrose instead of starch - and we use it to sweeten foodGreen plants as organismssuction pressurepressure caused by loss of water through a plant's leaves, which draws or sucks replacement water up the plant from the rootsGreen plants as organismstranspirationthe loss of water from leaves by evaporation. It is much faster when stomata are open than when they are closedGreen plants as organismstranspiration streamthe constant cycling of water from the soil, into the plant through its roots, up the plant by suction pressure and capillarity to the leaves, where it is lost by evaporation to the atmosphere, or used up in photosynthesis.Green plants as organismstropismgrowth or movement towards or away from a stimulus such as light, gravity or moistureGreen plants as organismsturgidhaving turgor; enlarged and swollen with waterGreen plants as organismsvariegatedwith alternating green and white patches. In variegated leaves, photosynthesis only occurs in the green patches, as the white patches contain no chloroplasts.Green plants as organismsvascular bundlevein-like structure in the roots, stems and leaves of plants, consisting of xylem and phloem tubesGreen plants as organismsxylem vesselsvein-like tissues which transport water and minerals up a plantGreen plants as organisms