Interaction of Viral Chemokine Inhibitors with Chemokines

Viruses modulate the chemokine network by encoding homologs of chemokines and chemokine receptors and secreted proteins that bind chemokines (1 –3 ). These mechanisms have been identified in large DNA viruses such as herpesviruses and poxviruses. The exceptions are the chemokinelike activity of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Tat protein and the mimicry of fractalkine by the glycoprotein G of respiratory syncytial virus.