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Less common disorders:M

2025-04-08 生物化学 加入收藏
DISEASE AND CAUSESPATHOPHYSIOLOGYSIGNS AND SYMPTOMSMastocytosisCause unknownProl
DISEASE AND CAUSESPATHOPHYSIOLOGYSIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Mastocytosis

  • Cause unknown
Proliferation of mast cells systemically and within skin.
  • Urticaria pigmentosa
  • Diarrhea
  • Abdominal pain
  • Flushing
  • Vascular collapse
  • Headaches
  • Ascites
Mastoiditis

  • Bacterial infection of the mastoid antrum.
An inflammation and infection of the air cells of the mastoid antrum.
  • Dull ache and tenderness around the mastoid process
  • Low grade fever
  • Headache
  • Thick purulent drainage
  • Meningitis
  • Facial paralysis
  • Brain abscess
  • Labyrinthitis
Medullary sponge kidney

  • Genetic disorder
Collecting ducts in the renal pyramids dilate, forming cavities, clefts, and cysts that produce complications of calcium oxylate stones and infections.
  • Kidney stones
  • Hematuria
  • Infection (fever, chills, and malaise)
Melasma

  • Hypermelanotic skin disorder associated with increased hormonal levels with pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, and ovarian cancer
Thought to be due to the effects of estrogen and progesterone on melanin production.
  • Patchy, nonraised, hypermelanotic rash
Mycosis fungoides

  • Cause unknown
Rare, chronic malignant T-cell lymphoma originating in the reticuloendothelial system of the skin, and affecting lymph nodes and internal organs.
  • Urticarial, erythematous, or eczematous patches with irregular-shaped, well-defined borders; patches may become hard and form ulcers, then eventually drain a thin pus and serum
Myelodysplastic syndromes

  • Caused by genetic factors and exposure to chemicals or radiation
Preleukemic disorders that progress to leukemia
  • Pancytopenia
  • Weakness
  • Fatigue
  • Palpitations
  • Dizziness
  • Irritability
  • Anemia
Myocarditis

  • Inflammation of the myocardium due to bacterial, fungal, viral, or protozoal infections; heat stroke; ionizing radiation; rheumatic fever; and diphtheria
Initial infection triggers an autoimmune, cellular, and possibly humoral response resulting in myocardial inflammation and necrosis.
  • Rapid, irregular, and weak pulse
  • Chest tenderness
  • First heart sound resembles second heart sound
  • Fatigue


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