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GST融合蛋白表达与纯化的实验步骤与注意事项

2024-11-27 蛋白质 加入收藏
GST表达融合蛋白载体pGEX-KG大小:5006bp,氨苄青霉素抗性(Ampr),IPTG诱导表达酶切位点:BamHI 930、SmaI 937、EcoRI

GST表达融合蛋白

载体

pGEX-KG

大小:5006bp,氨苄青霉素抗性(Ampr),IPTG诱导表达

酶切位点:BamHI 930、SmaI 937、EcoRI 962、XbaI 966、NcoI 974、SalI 980、XhoI 985、SacI 992、HindIII 994

GST分子量:

构建pGEX-KG-YFG重组 质粒

1、分析所感兴趣的基因(your favorite gene, YFG)

Primer Premier 5.0软件,分析YFG含有哪些酶切位点,注意是否与pGEX-KG载体 的多克隆位点有重合

2、确定合适的双酶切位点

NEB网站(www.neb.com) Double Digest Finder软件 ,查找最佳双酶切组合(下表)

NEB 双酶切图谱


BamHIEcoRINEBuffer EcoRI + BSA at 37°C.BamHI may exhibit star activity in this buffer.
XbaINEBuffer 3 + BSA at 37°C.At least one enzyme has < 100% activity in this buffer, so additional units of enzyme and/or longer incubation time may be necessary.
NcoINEBuffer 3 + BSA at 37°C.

SalINEBuffer 3 + BSA at 37°C

XhoINEBuffer 3 + BSA at 37°C.

SmaIXbaINEBuffer 4 + BSA at 25°C with SmaI, then add XbaI and raise temperature to 37°C.At least one enzyme has < 100% activity in this buffer, so additional units of enzyme and/or longer incubation time may be necessary.
NcoINEBuffer 4 at 25°C with SmaI, then add NcoI and raise temperature to 37°C.

XhoINEBuffer 4 + BSA at 25°C with SmaI, then add XhoI and raise temperature to 37°C.

SacINEBuffer 4 + BSA at 25°C with SmaI, then add SacI and raise temperature to 37°C.

HindIIINEBuffer 4 at 25°C with SmaI, then add HindIII and raise temperature to 37°C.At least one enzyme has < 100% activity in this buffer, so additional units of enzyme and/or longer incubation time may be necessary.
EcoRINcoINEBuffer EcoRI at 37°C.
SalINEBuffer EcoRI + BSA at 37°C.

XhoINEBuffer EcoRI + BSA at 37°C.

SacINEBuffer 1 + BSA at 37°C.EcoRI may exhibit star activity in this buffer.
HindIIINEBuffer EcoRI at 37°C.

XbaINcoINEBuffer 2 + BSA at 37°C.
SalINEBuffer 3 + BSA at 37°C.At least one enzyme has < 100% activity in this buffer, so additional units of enzyme and/or longer incubation time may be necessary.
XhoINEBuffer 2 + BSA at 37°C.

SacINEBuffer 4 + BSA at 37°C.This buffer is not supplied with either enzyme. At least one enzyme has < 100% activity in this buffer, so additional units of enzyme and/or longer incubation time may be necessary.
HindIIINEBuffer 2 + BSA at 37°C.

NcoISalINEBuffer 3 + BSA at 37°C.
XhoINEBuffer 2 + BSA at 37°C.

SacINEBuffer 1 + BSA at 37°C.

HindIIINEBuffer 2 at 37°C.

SalIXhoINEBuffer 3 + BSA at 37°C.
XhoISacINEBuffer 1 + BSA at 37°C.At least one enzyme has < 100% activity in this buffer, so additional units of enzyme and/or longer incubation time may be necessary.
HindIIINEBuffer 2 + BSA at 37°C.

SacIHindIIINEBuffer 2 + BSA at 37°C.At least one enzyme has < 100% activity in this buffer, so additional units of enzyme and/or longer incubation time may be necessary.

对照YFG、载体多克隆位点,确定上、下游酶切位点

3、设计PCR上、下游引物

Primer Premier 5.0软件,设计PCR上、下游引物

酶切位点外最多含6个碱基

3’端不是A,最好是G或C,但是不推荐使用GC或CG结尾

3’端至少保证有10个碱基完全配对

得分(Rating)大于70

[注意]

上游引物:是否添加适当碱基,确保不打乱开放阅读框

下游引物:添加终止密码子(UAA、UAG、UGA)

4、引物合成及保存

合成:上海生工生物工程技术服务有限公司(Email:beijing@sangon.com,Tel:81767586);纯化方法:柱层析or聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳?;价格1.30/碱基

保存:贮存浓度:100pmol/&mu;l(100&mu;M),工作浓度:10pmol/&mu;l(10&mu;M),-20°C保存

5、PCR扩增YFG

模板:质粒10ng/&mu;l 稀释少量 -20°C保存

引物:10pmol/&mu;l(10&mu;M) -20°C保存

Taq酶:NEB Quick-Load Taq 2×Master Mix 扩增片段小于2.0kb

反应体系(配制时置于冰上)


25&mu;l反应体系50&mu;l反应体系
模板1&mu;l2&mu;l
上游引物1&mu;l2&mu;l
下游引物1&mu;l2&mu;l
2×Master Mix12.5&mu;l25&mu;l
去离子H2 O9.5&mu;l19&mu;l

反应条件

(1) 预变性 94°C 5 min

(2) 变性 94°C 30 s

(3) 退火 待定 30 s

(4) 延伸 72°C 待定

(5) 重复2-5 25-30个循环

(6) 补平缺口 72°C 10 min

(7) 暂存 10°C

[注意]

退火温度:参考4(G+C)+2(A+T)-4(互补碱基),参考Ta Opt(Primer Premier 5.0)

延伸时间:Taq酶:1kb/min

循环数小于30,减少错配

琼脂糖电泳检测PCR产物

0.8%有效分离范围:10~0.8kb;1.0%有效分离浓度7~0.5kb

50ml TAE加入5&mu;l EB母液(5mg/ml)

100V,30-45min

拍照或者紫外灯下切胶回收

6、构建pGEX-KG-YFG

酶切:双酶切PCR产物、pGEX-KG

回收:PCR产物直接回收、pGEX-KG电泳之后切胶回收

连接:pGEX-KG 50ng、插入片段150ng

转化铺平板:Ampr

挑单克隆:Ampr(四个菌落足够了)

鉴定:小提质粒酶切 or菌体 PCR

7、转化BL21(DE3)pLysS菌株检测GST融合蛋白的表达

(1)冰上融化BL21(DE3)pLysS感受态细胞(天根)

(2)2 ml离心管中,加入25&mu;l BL21+ 3&mu;l质粒(300-500ng),混匀(质粒&le;感受态1/10)

(3)冰上放置30min

(4)42°C,90s

(5)冰上放置2-3min

(6)加入300&mu;l LB(无抗生素)(相当于菌体10倍体积的LB),37°C,250rpm,1 h

(7)4000rpm,2min,弃上清,其余混匀以后涂平板(Ampr),37°C,过夜(16 h)

(8)挑单克隆菌落,5ml LB(Ampr),37°C,250rpm,过夜(16 h)

()稀释10倍、20倍、50倍测定OD600

()选择合适的稀释倍数,5ml菌液,37°C,250 rpm,1 h,测定OD600

(7)取100&mu;l菌液加入5ml LB(Ampr)(50倍稀释),37°C,250rpm,过夜(16 h)

(8)取500&mu;l菌液加入5ml LB(Ampr)(10倍稀释)(其余菌液4°C保存),测OD600

(9)37°C,250 rpm,2 h(OD600:0.6-0.8),测OD600

(10)室温放置20 min(摇床降温,30°C)

(11)取100&mu;l作为诱导前对照,冰上放置

(12)菌液中加入IPTG,终浓度0.5-1 mM

(13)30°C,250 rpm,2 -4h(可做时间梯度),测OD600

(14)取100&mu;l作为诱导后对照,连同诱导前菌液,12000rpm,离心2min,加入50&mu;l 1×SDS上样缓冲液

(15)取4ml菌液,12000rpm,离心2min,收集到2ml离心管中

(16)加入1ml GST裂解缓冲液重悬菌体

(17)超声破碎细胞:超声20s,间隔10s,共3-5次,超声强度200-300W(冰浴)

(18)超声后菌液换入一个新1.5ml离心管,4°C,12000rpm,离心5min

(19)超声后上清:取25&mu;l上清,加入25&mu;l 2×SDS上样缓冲液(其余上清-80°C保存)

(20)超声后沉淀:沉淀加入1ml GST裂解缓冲液重悬,取25&mu;l,加入25&mu;l 2×SDS上样缓冲液(其余沉淀-80°C保存)

(21)将四个样品煮沸3min,12000rpm,离心5min

(22)8-10%SDS-PAGE,30&mu;l上样,顺序:诱导前菌体、诱导后菌体、超声后上清、超声后沉淀

(23)考马斯亮蓝染色

[注意]

(1)菌液OD值小于1即可

(2)诱导时间最好做一个梯度,2-6h

(3)诱导温度适当摸索,24°C、30°C

(4)IPTG浓度可做梯度,1mM

(5)超声条件可视实际情况改变,只要使细菌裂解充分即可,即菌液清亮不粘稠

8、测序确认

测序引物:pGEX-3通用引物

测序样品:过夜菌1ml;质粒(浓度大于50ng/&mu;l,10&mu;l)

9、中提质粒(Promega)

10、表达纯化GST融合蛋白

(1)已经转化的菌液,或者重新转化BL21(DE3)pLysS

(2)活化:取20&mu;l菌液加入11ml LB(Ampr)(500倍稀释),37°C,250rpm,过夜(16 h)

(3)取10ml菌液加入100ml LB(Ampr)(10倍稀释)(剩余菌液4°C保存)

(4)37°C,250 rpm,1 h 10 min-1 h 20 min,OD600 0.6-0.8(OD600小于1.0即可)

(5)取1ml菌液作为诱导前对照,冰上放置

(6)加入IPTG,终浓度1 mM

(7)30°C,250rpm,诱导适当时间(预实验确定)

(8)取1ml菌液作为诱导后对照,连同诱导前菌液,12000rpm,离心2min,收集菌体,加入100&mu;l 1×SDS上样缓冲液

(9)其余菌液,分为两份,倒入50ml离心管,5000rpm,离心20 min,收集细胞

(10)每管加入8-10ml GST裂解缓冲液重悬菌体,转移小烧杯中(无气泡)

(11)超声破碎细胞:超声3s,间隔10s,40次左右,超声强度200-300W(冰浴)

(12)将超声后菌液转移到50ml离心管中,4°C,13000rpm,离心20-30min

(13)将上清转移到1个50ml离心管中,取出50&mu;l,加入50&mu;l 2×SDS上样缓冲液(其余上清-80°C保存)

(14)将沉淀加入16-20ml GST裂解缓冲液(或PBS)重悬,取出50&mu;l,加入50&mu;l 2×SDS上样缓冲液(其余沉淀-80°C保存)

(15)将四个样品煮沸3min,12000rpm,离心5min

(16)8-10%SDS-PAGE检测诱导、超声是否合适,30&mu;l上样,顺序:诱导前菌体、诱导后菌体、超声后上清、超声后沉淀

(17)考马斯亮蓝染色

(18)混匀glutathione sepharose beads(4B)(mixed slurry),取200&mu;l加入15ml离心管中(2份)

(19)加入10ml PBS,混匀,3000rpm,离心3min,弃上清

(20)加入超声后上清液,4°C轻柔摇荡60分钟(或过夜)(横放)

(21)4°C,3000rpm,离心3min

(22)10ml GST裂解缓冲液洗涤2次(冰上)

(23)10ml TBS(含5mM MgCl2、1mM DTT)洗涤2次(冰上)

(24)弃上清,加入1倍柱床体积的TBS(含5mM MgCl2、1mM DTT、50%甘油),混匀

(25)取悬液测定蛋白浓度或SDS-PAGE

(26)-20°C保存beads

11、GST-Pull-down

(1)10cm培养皿中,未处理的细胞或者转染的细胞(3-5&mu;g质粒转染10cm培养皿,Cos-7、293T或者其他细胞,转染24h)

(2)加入1ml 细胞裂解缓冲液,细胞铲刮下细胞(冰上)

(3)将裂解液收集到1.5ml离心管中,振荡30s,冰上放置5min,重复2-3次,充分裂解细胞

(4)4°C,12000rpm,离心15min,收集上清

(5)测定蛋白浓度,取1mg总蛋白做GST-Pull-down?

(6)留30&mu;l作为input对照(input与Pull-down蛋白量约为1/10)

(7)其余溶液,加入20&mu;l glutathione sepharose beads(PBS洗涤过),4°C,轻柔振荡20min

(8)12000rpm,离心3min

(9)收集上清,分为两份,一份加入1-15&mu;g GST结合的beads,另一份加入等量 GST-融合蛋白结合的beads,4°C,轻柔振荡60min

(10)3000rpm,离心3min,回收上清

(11)1ml 细胞裂解缓冲液洗涤3次

(12)弃尽上清,加入25&mu;l 2×SDS上样缓冲液

(13)煮沸3min,12000rpm,离心3min

(14)SDS-PAGE,上样顺序:细胞裂解液input、x、GST、x、GST-融合蛋白(x:LSB)

(15)考马斯亮蓝染色或免疫印迹

[附录]

GST裂解缓冲液(前四个组分配好之后4°C保存,DTT和蛋白酶抑制剂现用现加)

配方一


500ml贮存液10ml工作液
150mM NaCl15 ml 5M NaCl10ml贮存液
20mM HEPES pH7.520ml 0.5M Hepes pH7.5
5mM MgCl210ml 1M MgCl2
1% TritonX-1005ml 100% Triton-X 100
1mM DTT
10&mu;l 1M DTT
1mM PMSF
34&mu;l 0.3M PMSF
inhibitor cocktail
10&mu;l inhibitor cocktail

配方二


500ml贮存液10ml工作液
200mM NaCl
10ml贮存液
25mM HEPES pH7.5

2mM DTT
20&mu;l 1M DTT
1mM PMSF
10&mu;l 1M PMSF
inhibitor cocktail
10&mu;l inhibitor cocktail

TBS(含5mM MgCl2、1mM DTT)


500ml 贮存液
150mM NaCl15ml 5M NaCl
20mM Tris pH7.610ml 1M Tris pH7.6
5mM MgCl2
0.5M MgCl2
1mM DTT
1M DTT

常用IP细胞裂解液


500ml贮存液10ml 工作液
50mM Tris-HCl, pH7.525ml 1M Tris-HCl, pH7.5
150mM NaCl15ml 5M NaCl
2mM EDTA2ml 0.5M EDTA
0.5% NP4025ml 10% NP40
0.5% Triton X-10025ml 10% Triton X-100
0.5mM DTT2.5ml 1M DTT
1mM PMSF
100&mu;l 100mM PMSF
1mM NaF1ml 0.5M NaF20&mu;l 0.5M NaF
complete protease inhibitors

cleared lysates were incubated for 1.5 h with 3 &mu;g immobilized GST or GST-32


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